{"authors":[{"id":"orcid_______::5f810ec57ef3f487b4e58690b9784bad","fullName":"Michela, Lapenna","name":"Lapenna","surname":"Michela","rank":1,"pid":{"id":{"scheme":"orcid","value":"0000-0001-5293-9499"},"provenance":null}},{"id":null,"fullName":"Francesco, Faglioni","name":"Faglioni","surname":"Francesco","rank":2,"pid":null},{"id":null,"fullName":"Rita, Fioresi","name":"Fioresi","surname":"Rita","rank":3,"pid":{"id":{"scheme":"orcid_pending","value":"0000-0003-4075-7641"},"provenance":null}},{"id":null,"fullName":"Giovanni, Bruno","name":"Bruno","surname":"Giovanni","rank":4,"pid":null}],"openAccessColor":"hybrid","publiclyFunded":false,"eoscIfGuidelines":null,"type":"publication","language":{"code":"eng","label":"English"},"countries":[{"code":"IT","label":"Italy","provenance":null}],"subjects":[{"subject":{"scheme":"FOS","value":"0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering"},"provenance":null},{"subject":{"scheme":"keyword","value":"graph neural networks, thermodynamics, explainability"},"provenance":null},{"subject":{"scheme":"FOS","value":"02 engineering and technology"},"provenance":null}],"mainTitle":"Temperature-based pruning for input features in Graph Neural Networks","subTitle":null,"descriptions":["<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>           <jats:p>In the present work, we employ the concept of neural network temperature to prune unimportant features in input to a Graph Neural Network (GNN) architecture. In benchmark datasets for node and graph property prediction, each node comes equipped with a vector of numerous features. It is paramount to understand which information is actually necessary and which can be discarded, both for efficiency and explainability. The temperature is linked to the gradient activity due to the loss function minimization and leads to pruning of weight structures associated with small gradients. This study is done on different GNN architectures, one for node classification and another one for link prediction, and several benchmark datasets are employed. We compare the results with similar experiments previously conducted on the filters of Convolutional Neural Networks. Although still at the proof-of-concept stage, our temperature-based pruning technique stands as a promising alternative to state-of-the-art magnitude-based pruning techniques.</jats:p>"],"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","embargoEndDate":null,"sources":["Crossref"],"formats":null,"contributors":null,"coverages":null,"bestAccessRight":{"code":"c_abf2","label":"OPEN","scheme":"http://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/documentation/access_rights/"},"container":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","issnPrinted":null,"issnOnline":"2190-5444","issnLinking":null,"ep":null,"iss":null,"sp":null,"vol":"140","edition":null,"conferencePlace":null,"conferenceDate":null},"documentationUrls":null,"codeRepositoryUrl":null,"programmingLanguage":null,"contactPeople":null,"contactGroups":null,"tools":null,"size":null,"version":null,"geoLocations":null,"id":"doi_dedup___::cd9ec22927dc5faebe2d0004990a475e","originalIds":["6804","10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06804-0","50|doiboost____|cd9ec22927dc5faebe2d0004990a475e","50|od______4094::0aa093348cb4befa661c61bf62c449c8","oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/1050964"],"pids":[{"scheme":"doi","value":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06804-0"},{"scheme":"handle","value":"11585/1050964"}],"dateOfCollection":null,"lastUpdateTimeStamp":null,"indicators":{"citationImpact":{"citationCount":0.0,"influence":2.2251732E-9,"popularity":2.342466E-9,"impulse":0.0,"citationClass":"C5","influenceClass":"C5","impulseClass":"C5","popularityClass":"C5"}},"projects":[{"id":"corda_____he::623cdd9c735a3d8acfb2c679d5d5099b","code":"101119552","acronym":"CaLiForNIA","title":"Cartan and differential geometry, Lie theory, quantum groups and non commutative geometry For novel and Innovative Applications to quantum algorithms and geometric deep learning","funder":"European Commission","pids":[{"scheme":"doi","value":"10.3030/101119552"}]},{"id":"corda_____he::c394b22545d1ed08771bdd1fd77c4280","code":"101086123","acronym":"CaLIGOLA","title":"Cartan geometry, Lie and representation theory, Integrable Systems, quantum Groups and quantum computing towards the understanding of the geometry of deep Learning and its Applications","funder":"European Commission","pids":[{"scheme":"doi","value":"10.3030/101086123"}]}],"organizations":[{"legalName":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","acronym":"UNIMORE","id":"openorgs____::51c7fc556e46381734a25a6fbc3fd398","pids":[{"scheme":"wikidata","value":"Q1243705"},{"scheme":"Wikidata","value":"Q1243705"},{"scheme":"ISNI","value":"0000000121697570"},{"scheme":"OrgRef","value":"1977031"},{"scheme":"fundref","value":"100009104"},{"scheme":"ROR","value":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"},{"scheme":"OrgReg","value":"IT0042"},{"scheme":"mag_id","value":"122346577"},{"scheme":"PIC","value":"999840887"},{"scheme":"GRID","value":"grid.7548.e"},{"scheme":"FundRef","value":"100009104"}]},{"legalName":"Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna","acronym":"UNIBO","id":"openorgs____::b5ca9d4340e26454e367e2908ef3872f","pids":[{"scheme":"mag_id","value":"9360294"},{"scheme":"OrgReg","value":"IT0009"},{"scheme":"ROR","value":"https://ror.org/01111rn36"},{"scheme":"wikidata","value":"Q131262"},{"scheme":"fundref","value":"501100005969"},{"scheme":"OrgRef","value":"263329"},{"scheme":"PIC","value":"999993953"},{"scheme":"ISNI","value":"0000000417571758"},{"scheme":"FundRef","value":"501100005969"},{"scheme":"Wikidata","value":"Q131262"},{"scheme":"GRID","value":"grid.6292.f"},{"scheme":"RRID","value":"RRID:SCR_011610"}]},{"legalName":"Federal Institute For Materials Research and Testing","acronym":"BAM","id":"openorgs____::00c4fbf54ec77a86bcbbc4ce612a36ee","pids":[{"scheme":"OrgRef","value":"7711116"},{"scheme":"PIC","value":"999507692"},{"scheme":"FundRef","value":"100009553"},{"scheme":"GRID","value":"grid.71566.33"},{"scheme":"ROR","value":"https://ror.org/03x516a66"},{"scheme":"OrgReg","value":"DE3020"},{"scheme":"fundref","value":"100009553"},{"scheme":"ISNI","value":"0000000406035458"},{"scheme":"Wikidata","value":"Q1005540"},{"scheme":"wikidata","value":"Q1005540"},{"scheme":"mag_id","value":"1330165540"}]},{"legalName":"University of Potsdam","acronym":"UP","id":"openorgs____::a6c374b8c2f669bc81d647d4bbd16c4d","pids":[{"scheme":"ISNI","value":"0000000109421117"},{"scheme":"FundRef","value":"501100004238"},{"scheme":"Wikidata","value":"Q153012"},{"scheme":"fundref","value":"501100004238"},{"scheme":"VIAF","value":"VIAF:134924875"},{"scheme":"GRID","value":"grid.11348.3f"},{"scheme":"wikidata","value":"Q153012"},{"scheme":"OrgReg","value":"DE0039"},{"scheme":"ROR","value":"https://ror.org/03bnmw459"},{"scheme":"PIC","value":"999854855"},{"scheme":"OrgRef","value":"4039448"},{"scheme":"mag_id","value":"176453806"}]}],"communities":null,"collectedFrom":[{"key":"openaire____::081b82f96300b6a6e3d282bad31cb6e2","value":"Crossref"},{"key":"opendoar____::64c53a52cb3bd1a01c03a64db985c0cc","value":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna"}],"instances":[{"pids":[{"scheme":"doi","value":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06804-0"}],"license":"CC BY","accessRight":{"code":"c_abf2","label":"OPEN","scheme":"http://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/documentation/access_rights/","openAccessRoute":"hybrid"},"type":"Article","urls":["https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06804-0"],"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","refereed":"peerReviewed","hostedBy":{"key":"issn__online::57c54e53351c958c789b2492ef1f07f0","value":"The European Physical Journal Plus"},"collectedFrom":{"key":"openaire____::081b82f96300b6a6e3d282bad31cb6e2","value":"Crossref"}},{"pids":[{"scheme":"handle","value":"11585/1050964"}],"alternateIdentifiers":[{"scheme":"doi","value":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06804-0"},{"scheme":"urn","value":"https://hdl.handle.net/11585/1050964"}],"accessRight":{"code":"c_14cb","label":"CLOSED","scheme":"http://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/documentation/access_rights/","openAccessRoute":null},"type":"Article","urls":["https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06804-0","https://hdl.handle.net/11585/1050964"],"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","refereed":"nonPeerReviewed","hostedBy":{"key":"opendoar____::64c53a52cb3bd1a01c03a64db985c0cc","value":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna"},"collectedFrom":{"key":"opendoar____::64c53a52cb3bd1a01c03a64db985c0cc","value":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna"}}],"links":[{"header":{"relationType":"resultProject","relationClass":"isProducedBy","relatedIdentifier":"corda_____he::623cdd9c735a3d8acfb2c679d5d5099b","relatedRecordType":"project","relationProvenance":"iis","trust":"0.897"},"collectedfrom":[{"dsId":"openaire____::3f264f93cf3b0cfc4ede188a6300455c","dsName":"CORDA - COmmon Research DAta Warehouse - Horizon Europe"}],"projectTitle":"Cartan and differential geometry, Lie theory, quantum groups and non commutative geometry For novel and Innovative Applications to quantum algorithms and geometric deep learning","code":"101119552","funding":{"funder":{"id":"ec__________::EC","shortname":"EC","name":"European Commission","jurisdiction":{"code":"EU","label":"European Union"},"pid":null},"level0":{"id":"ec__________::EC::HE","description":"Horizon Europe Framework Programme","name":"HE"},"level1":{"id":"ec__________::EC::HE::HORIZON-TMA-MSCA-DN","description":"HORIZON TMA MSCA Doctoral Networks","name":"HORIZON-TMA-MSCA-DN"},"level2":{"id":null,"description":null,"name":null}},"startDate":"2024-01-01","endDate":"2027-12-31"},{"header":{"relationType":"resultProject","relationClass":"isProducedBy","relatedIdentifier":"corda_____he::c394b22545d1ed08771bdd1fd77c4280","relatedRecordType":"project","relationProvenance":"iis","trust":"0.897"},"collectedfrom":[{"dsId":"openaire____::3f264f93cf3b0cfc4ede188a6300455c","dsName":"CORDA - COmmon Research DAta Warehouse - Horizon Europe"}],"projectTitle":"Cartan geometry, Lie and representation theory, Integrable Systems, quantum Groups and quantum computing towards the understanding of the geometry of deep Learning and its Applications","code":"101086123","funding":{"funder":{"id":"ec__________::EC","shortname":"EC","name":"European Commission","jurisdiction":{"code":"EU","label":"European Union"},"pid":null},"level0":{"id":"ec__________::EC::HE","description":"Horizon Europe Framework Programme","name":"HE"},"level1":{"id":"ec__________::EC::HE::HORIZON-AG-UN","description":"HORIZON Unit Grant","name":"HORIZON-AG-UN"},"level2":{"id":null,"description":null,"name":null}},"startDate":"2023-01-01","endDate":"2026-12-31"}],"otherTitles":null,"inDiamondJournal":false,"green":false,"isGreen":false,"isInDiamondJournal":false}