{"authors":[{"id":"orcid_______::3d42736f9256c6b6f1e27cdbff9f7280","fullName":"Desbruyères, Damien","name":"Damien","surname":"Desbruyères","rank":1,"pid":{"id":{"scheme":"orcid","value":"0000-0003-0405-421x"},"provenance":null}},{"id":"orcid_______::d29d87262aacba00e6387be6361c7094","fullName":"Mercier, Herle","name":"Herle","surname":"Mercier","rank":2,"pid":{"id":{"scheme":"orcid","value":"0000-0002-1940-617x"},"provenance":null}},{"id":null,"fullName":"Johnson, Gregory C.","name":"Gregory C.","surname":"Johnson","rank":3,"pid":{"id":{"scheme":"orcid_pending","value":"0000-0002-8023-4020"},"provenance":null}},{"id":"orcid_______::90eea2d5ea625c5c83db92675405b9ce","fullName":"Thierry, Virginie","name":"Virginie","surname":"Thierry","rank":4,"pid":{"id":{"scheme":"orcid","value":"0000-0003-1602-6478"},"provenance":null}},{"id":"orcid_______::e76ea283ce832f6b06d00888e86bf0d3","fullName":"Mork, Kjell Arne","name":"Kjell Arne","surname":"Mork","rank":5,"pid":{"id":{"scheme":"orcid","value":"0000-0003-0485-9691"},"provenance":null}}],"openAccessColor":"gold","publiclyFunded":false,"eoscIfGuidelines":null,"type":"publication","language":{"code":"eng","label":"English"},"countries":[{"code":"FR","label":"France","provenance":null}],"subjects":[{"subject":{"scheme":"keyword","value":"[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]"},"provenance":null},{"subject":{"scheme":"FOS","value":"01 natural sciences"},"provenance":null},{"subject":{"scheme":"FOS","value":"0105 earth and related environmental sciences"},"provenance":null}],"mainTitle":"Deep Argo Observations of Buoyancy Redistribution in the Atlantic Overturning","subTitle":null,"descriptions":["<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>                   <jats:p>The steady‐state buoyancy budget of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) balances water mass transformation with meridional export. Using historical ocean data, Deep Argo observations, and atmospheric reanalysis, we assess the residual of this balance—water mass volume trends—and its role in the transformation budget of the Subpolar North Atlantic and Nordic Seas on interannual to bidecadal timescales. On long timescales, volume trends in deep convective seas can be large but the volume expansion or contraction of the upper and lower AMOC limbs remain minimal, suggesting that water mass transformation and AMOC intensity may be interchangeable. Conversely, interannual trends are larger across all regions and all density ranges. The volume of the AMOC limbs is significantly impacted so relationships with transformation rates can only be established when considering the timescales of the southward export of transformed water masses out of the subpolar domain.</jats:p>"],"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publisher":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)","embargoEndDate":null,"sources":["Crossref","Geophysical Research Letters (0094-8276) (American Geophysical Union (AGU)), 2025-08 , Vol. 52 , N. 17 , P. e2025GL117970 (13p.)"],"formats":["application/pdf"],"contributors":["POTHIER, Nathalie"],"coverages":null,"bestAccessRight":{"code":"c_abf2","label":"OPEN","scheme":"http://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/documentation/access_rights/"},"container":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","issnPrinted":"0094-8276","issnOnline":"1944-8007","issnLinking":null,"ep":null,"iss":null,"sp":null,"vol":"52","edition":null,"conferencePlace":null,"conferenceDate":null},"documentationUrls":null,"codeRepositoryUrl":null,"programmingLanguage":null,"contactPeople":null,"contactGroups":null,"tools":null,"size":null,"version":null,"geoLocations":null,"id":"doi_dedup___::822ecde6fec1d6178eee979aed239c4b","originalIds":["10.1029/2025GL117970","10.1029/2025gl117970","50|doiboost____|822ecde6fec1d6178eee979aed239c4b","50|od______2191::566302e9a855e28a8e5d09639a345c18","oai:HAL:hal-05314437v1","50|od______3516::566302e9a855e28a8e5d09639a345c18","oai:archimer.ifremer.fr:108494","50|od_________7::58f333f60038cd726211932e1c6e3841"],"pids":[{"scheme":"doi","value":"10.1029/2025gl117970"}],"dateOfCollection":null,"lastUpdateTimeStamp":null,"indicators":{"citationImpact":{"citationCount":0.0,"influence":2.2251732E-9,"popularity":2.342466E-9,"impulse":0.0,"citationClass":"C5","influenceClass":"C5","impulseClass":"C5","popularityClass":"C5"}},"projects":[{"id":"corda_____he::23f897659b1a83cb12da0b5919884474","code":"101059547","acronym":"EPOC","title":"Explaining and Predicting the Ocean Conveyor","funder":"European Commission","pids":[{"scheme":"doi","value":"10.3030/101059547"}]}],"organizations":[{"legalName":"Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research","acronym":"BCCR","id":"openorgs____::46400a275d13593e3a8afdcf9f62cb41","pids":[{"scheme":"GRID","value":"grid.465508.a"},{"scheme":"ROR","value":"https://ror.org/011n96f14"},{"scheme":"mag_id","value":"2799966484"},{"scheme":"Wikidata","value":"Q16827459"},{"scheme":"FundRef","value":"501100022578"},{"scheme":"wikidata","value":"Q16827459"},{"scheme":"fundref","value":"501100022578"}]},{"legalName":"Institut de Recherche pour le Développement","acronym":"IRD","id":"pending_org_::5e7e8b9acddc3a9a7fe0afcf229ce8d0","pids":null},{"legalName":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","acronym":"NOAA","id":"openorgs____::4d36162a4881484a685d8107eb1b007b","pids":[{"scheme":"RRID","value":"RRID:SCR_011426"},{"scheme":"ROR","value":"https://ror.org/02z5nhe81"},{"scheme":"Wikidata","value":"Q214700"},{"scheme":"mag_id","value":"1308126019"},{"scheme":"GRID","value":"grid.3532.7"},{"scheme":"FundRef","value":"100000192"},{"scheme":"ISNI","value":"0000000112662261"},{"scheme":"OrgRef","value":"37876"},{"scheme":"wikidata","value":"Q214700"},{"scheme":"RRID","value":"RRID:nlx_156904"},{"scheme":"fundref","value":"100000192"}]},{"legalName":"University of Bergen","acronym":"University of Bergen","id":"openorgs____::215ca130631e8fad00925df63383a2af","pids":[{"scheme":"ROR","value":"https://ror.org/03zga2b32"},{"scheme":"mag_id","value":"4432739"},{"scheme":"OrgRef","value":"12066363"},{"scheme":"Wikidata","value":"Q204457"},{"scheme":"GRID","value":"grid.7914.b"},{"scheme":"FundRef","value":"501100016245"},{"scheme":"fundref","value":"501100005036"},{"scheme":"fundref","value":"501100017028"},{"scheme":"wikidata","value":"Q204457"},{"scheme":"Wikidata","value":"Q497212"},{"scheme":"OrgRef","value":"31799"},{"scheme":"FundRef","value":"501100017028"},{"scheme":"wikidata","value":"Q497212"},{"scheme":"FundRef","value":"501100005036"},{"scheme":"OrgReg","value":"NO0002"},{"scheme":"GRID","value":"grid.7914.b"},{"scheme":"fundref","value":"501100016245"},{"scheme":"RRID","value":"RRID:SCR_011607"},{"scheme":"PIC","value":"999974456"},{"scheme":"ISNI","value":"0000000419367443"}]},{"legalName":"Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory","acronym":"PMEL","id":"openorgs____::1738c836ffad8a417bdd7335c38f2cdd","pids":[{"scheme":"ISNI","value":"0000000121687479"},{"scheme":"fundref","value":"100018605"},{"scheme":"FundRef","value":"100018605"},{"scheme":"Wikidata","value":"Q7122548"},{"scheme":"ROR","value":"https://ror.org/03crn0n59"},{"scheme":"wikidata","value":"Q7122548"},{"scheme":"GRID","value":"grid.422706.5"},{"scheme":"mag_id","value":"27841520"}]},{"legalName":"Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers","acronym":"INSU","id":"openorgs____::64e1ec4f98047d539d97b4c3c88e1e21","pids":[{"scheme":"FundRef","value":"501100004617"},{"scheme":"GRID","value":"grid.452348.c"},{"scheme":"ROR","value":"https://ror.org/04kdfz702"},{"scheme":"fundref","value":"501100004617"},{"scheme":"ISNI","value":"0000000121541736"}]},{"legalName":"Institut National des Sciences de l Univers","acronym":"INSU","id":"pending_org_::fde19760e9a099cfcdd14ffef09b59bb","pids":null},{"legalName":"French Research Institute for Exploitation of the Sea","acronym":"IFREMER","id":"openorgs____::a6bfaa7b9934dd8459ca94deac34c127","pids":[{"scheme":"GRID","value":"grid.4825.b"},{"scheme":"fundref","value":"100009111"},{"scheme":"OrgRef","value":"2796232"},{"scheme":"RNSR","value":"RNSR:201122297T"},{"scheme":"RNSR","value":"RNSR:201122298U"},{"scheme":"RNSR","value":"RNSR:201122270N"},{"scheme":"RNSR","value":"RNSR:201122276V"},{"scheme":"RNSR","value":"RNSR:201122271P"},{"scheme":"Wikidata","value":"Q1657069"},{"scheme":"RNSR","value":"RNSR:201122278X"},{"scheme":"mag_id","value":"154202486"},{"scheme":"RNSR","value":"RNSR:202224206V"},{"scheme":"wikidata","value":"Q1657069"},{"scheme":"RNSR","value":"RNSR:200816947R"},{"scheme":"RNSR","value":"RNSR:200816948S"},{"scheme":"RNSR","value":"RNSR:199612326V"},{"scheme":"RNSR","value":"RNSR:201122282B"},{"scheme":"RNSR","value":"RNSR:201521641M"},{"scheme":"FundRef","value":"100009111"},{"scheme":"RNSR","value":"RNSR:202224207W"},{"scheme":"RNSR","value":"RNSR:202224205U"},{"scheme":"RNSR","value":"RNSR:201122279Y"},{"scheme":"ROR","value":"https://ror.org/044jxhp58"},{"scheme":"RNSR","value":"RNSR:200412248A"},{"scheme":"ISNI","value":"0000000406419240"},{"scheme":"OrgReg","value":"FR1023"},{"scheme":"PIC","value":"999630300"}]},{"legalName":"Université de Bretagne Occidentale","acronym":"UBO","id":"pending_org_::4e1083ae1511049d489d7d76f10bee25","pids":[{"scheme":"ROR","value":"https://ror.org/0372th171"}]},{"legalName":"Norwegian Institute for Cultural Heritage Research","acronym":"NIKU","id":"openorgs____::49063176ae1c11bd6c5f81b392306dba","pids":[{"scheme":"GRID","value":"grid.10917.3e"},{"scheme":"PIC","value":"998182090"},{"scheme":"PIC","value":"999548432"},{"scheme":"ROR","value":"https://ror.org/04aah1z61"},{"scheme":"ROR","value":"https://ror.org/00q7d9z06"},{"scheme":"FundRef","value":"100014727"},{"scheme":"mag_id","value":"67061984"},{"scheme":"mag_id","value":"29107187"},{"scheme":"ISNI","value":"0000000107302472"},{"scheme":"OrgReg","value":"NO1045"},{"scheme":"GRID","value":"grid.436614.2"},{"scheme":"mag_id","value":"2802153510"},{"scheme":"wikidata","value":"Q4583706"},{"scheme":"ROR","value":"https://ror.org/02xhrye98"},{"scheme":"ROR","value":"https://ror.org/05vg74d16"},{"scheme":"Wikidata","value":"Q4583706"},{"scheme":"PIC","value":"997736084"},{"scheme":"PIC","value":"999754848"},{"scheme":"PIC","value":"963454441"},{"scheme":"mag_id","value":"2802939387"},{"scheme":"fundref","value":"100014727"},{"scheme":"GRID","value":"grid.19169.36"},{"scheme":"GRID","value":"grid.6407.5"},{"scheme":"OrgReg","value":"NO1047"}]},{"legalName":"NOAA","acronym":"NOAA","id":"pending_org_::229ef19f46425eb290d028c893ea10f1","pids":null},{"legalName":"French National Centre for Scientific Research","acronym":"CNRS","id":"openorgs____::7fbdf9cd4423c4604745a16afe728bc7","pids":[{"scheme":"FundRef","value":"501100004794"},{"scheme":"Wikidata","value":"Q39411466"},{"scheme":"fundref","value":"501100004794"},{"scheme":"wikidata","value":"Q280413"},{"scheme":"Wikidata","value":"Q280413"},{"scheme":"ROR","value":"https://ror.org/02feahw73"},{"scheme":"ISNI","value":"0000000121129282"},{"scheme":"ISNI","value":"0000000122597504"},{"scheme":"wikidata","value":"Q39411466"},{"scheme":"OrgRef","value":"144610"},{"scheme":"GRID","value":"grid.4444.0"}]},{"legalName":"Institute of Marine Research","acronym":"Institute of Marine Research","id":"pending_org_::ee8fc6cc2ff52fe5e8101b1a1f651a1f","pids":null}],"communities":[{"code":"uarctic","label":"UArctic","provenance":null},{"code":"mes","label":"European Marine Science","provenance":null}],"collectedFrom":[{"key":"opendoar____::cf1cf43cba274ae7f413e864682b80f8","value":"HAL-INSU"},{"key":"opendoar____::71560ce98c8250ce57a6a970c9991a5f","value":"HAL-IRD"},{"key":"openaire____::081b82f96300b6a6e3d282bad31cb6e2","value":"Crossref"},{"key":"opendoar____::8f14e45fceea167a5a36dedd4bea2543","value":"ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of Ifremer"}],"instances":[{"pids":[{"scheme":"doi","value":"10.1029/2025gl117970"}],"license":"CC BY NC","accessRight":{"code":"c_abf2","label":"OPEN","scheme":"http://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/documentation/access_rights/","openAccessRoute":"gold"},"type":"Article","urls":["https://doi.org/10.1029/2025gl117970"],"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","refereed":"peerReviewed","hostedBy":{"key":"doajarticles::17d42526dd110d6f0b1cb2f3093b08b2","value":"Geophysical Research Letters"},"collectedFrom":{"key":"openaire____::081b82f96300b6a6e3d282bad31cb6e2","value":"Crossref"}},{"alternateIdentifiers":[{"scheme":"doi","value":"10.1029/2025gl117970"}],"license":"CC BY NC","accessRight":{"code":"c_abf2","label":"OPEN","scheme":"http://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/documentation/access_rights/","openAccessRoute":null},"type":"Article","urls":["https://hal.science/hal-05314437v1/document","https://doi.org/10.1029/2025gl117970","https://hal.science/hal-05314437v1"],"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","refereed":"nonPeerReviewed","hostedBy":{"key":"opendoar____::71560ce98c8250ce57a6a970c9991a5f","value":"HAL-IRD"},"collectedFrom":{"key":"opendoar____::71560ce98c8250ce57a6a970c9991a5f","value":"HAL-IRD"}},{"alternateIdentifiers":[{"scheme":"doi","value":"10.1029/2025gl117970"}],"license":"CC BY NC","accessRight":{"code":"c_abf2","label":"OPEN","scheme":"http://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/documentation/access_rights/","openAccessRoute":null},"type":"Article","urls":["https://hal.science/hal-05314437v1/document","https://doi.org/10.1029/2025gl117970","https://hal.science/hal-05314437v1"],"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","refereed":"nonPeerReviewed","hostedBy":{"key":"opendoar____::cf1cf43cba274ae7f413e864682b80f8","value":"HAL-INSU"},"collectedFrom":{"key":"opendoar____::cf1cf43cba274ae7f413e864682b80f8","value":"HAL-INSU"}},{"alternateIdentifiers":[{"scheme":"doi","value":"10.1029/2025gl117970"}],"accessRight":{"code":"c_abf2","label":"OPEN","scheme":"http://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/documentation/access_rights/","openAccessRoute":null},"type":"Other literature type","urls":["https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00973/108494/121879.pdf","https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00973/108494/","https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00973/108494/121878.pdf"],"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","refereed":"nonPeerReviewed","hostedBy":{"key":"opendoar____::8f14e45fceea167a5a36dedd4bea2543","value":"ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of Ifremer"},"collectedFrom":{"key":"opendoar____::8f14e45fceea167a5a36dedd4bea2543","value":"ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of Ifremer"}}],"links":[{"header":{"relationType":"resultProject","relationClass":"isProducedBy","relatedIdentifier":"corda_____he::23f897659b1a83cb12da0b5919884474","relatedRecordType":"project","relationProvenance":"sysimport:actionset","trust":"0.91"},"collectedfrom":[{"dsId":"openaire____::3f264f93cf3b0cfc4ede188a6300455c","dsName":"CORDA - COmmon Research DAta Warehouse - Horizon Europe"}],"projectTitle":"Explaining and Predicting the Ocean Conveyor","code":"101059547","funding":{"funder":{"id":"ec__________::EC","shortname":"EC","name":"European Commission","jurisdiction":{"code":"EU","label":"European Union"},"pid":null},"level0":{"id":"ec__________::EC::HE","description":"Horizon Europe Framework Programme","name":"HE"},"level1":{"id":"ec__________::EC::HE::HORIZON-RIA","description":"HORIZON  Research and Innovation Actions","name":"HORIZON-RIA"},"level2":{"id":null,"description":null,"name":null}},"startDate":"2022-07-01","endDate":"2027-06-30"}],"otherTitles":null,"inDiamondJournal":false,"green":true,"isGreen":true,"isInDiamondJournal":false}