{"authors":[{"id":"orcid_______::84843c8acc2d63d49c060ee943b95eb2","fullName":"Sobhi Alfayoumi","name":null,"surname":null,"rank":1,"pid":{"id":{"scheme":"orcid","value":"0000-0002-8321-6928"},"provenance":null}},{"id":"orcid_______::e6e1f1adc7746bb7c429653fcf26ca50","fullName":"Joan Melià-Seguí","name":null,"surname":null,"rank":2,"pid":{"id":{"scheme":"orcid","value":"0000-0001-8473-4500"},"provenance":null}},{"id":"orcid_______::84106e4309eec17e6df808b564a152c8","fullName":"Xavier Vilajosana","name":null,"surname":null,"rank":3,"pid":{"id":{"scheme":"orcid","value":"0000-0002-3020-427x"},"provenance":null}}],"openAccessColor":null,"publiclyFunded":false,"eoscIfGuidelines":null,"type":"publication","language":{"code":"und","label":"Undetermined"},"countries":null,"subjects":[{"subject":{"scheme":"keyword","value":"Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture"},"provenance":null},{"subject":{"scheme":"keyword","value":"Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)"},"provenance":null},{"subject":{"scheme":"keyword","value":"FOS: Computer and information sciences"},"provenance":null},{"subject":{"scheme":"FOS","value":"0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering"},"provenance":null},{"subject":{"scheme":"FOS","value":"02 engineering and technology"},"provenance":null}],"mainTitle":"Adapting LoRaWAN to the Open-RAN Architecture","subTitle":null,"descriptions":["This article proposes O-LoRaWAN, an adaptation of the LoRaWAN architecture into a modular network architecture based on the Open RAN (O-RAN) principles. In our vision, standardization of the network components and interfaces will enable the reuse of network functions, and thus, foster an accelerated tailoring of the network functions to the changing application demands. LoRaWAN shares similarities to cellular networks and becomes an interesting candidate for a transformation to the O-RAN standard. In the article we draw several transition strategies, these include the reorganization of the LoRa gateway functions into Radio and Distributed Units; enhancing network performance with RAN Intelligent Controllers exploiting the network data; and the standardization of the management and orchestration of network components. Key for that adaptation are the O-RAN interfaces. Along the article, we analyze them and suggest protocol extensions or adjustments for compatibility and interoperability between network components, advocating for the design of extensible protocols","8 pages 5 figure"],"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","embargoEndDate":"2024-03-01","sources":["Crossref"],"formats":null,"contributors":null,"coverages":null,"bestAccessRight":{"code":"c_abf2","label":"OPEN","scheme":"http://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/documentation/access_rights/"},"container":{"name":"IEEE Network","issnPrinted":"0890-8044","issnOnline":"1558-156X","issnLinking":null,"ep":"303","iss":null,"sp":"294","vol":"40","edition":null,"conferencePlace":null,"conferenceDate":null},"documentationUrls":null,"codeRepositoryUrl":null,"programmingLanguage":null,"contactPeople":null,"contactGroups":null,"tools":null,"size":null,"version":null,"geoLocations":null,"id":"doi_dedup___::730e9e4a0bdb77f293a92c5fc75df785","originalIds":["10.1109/mnet.2025.3570161","50|doiboost____|72f217c414a358931376d20935db1c62","50|datacite____::730e9e4a0bdb77f293a92c5fc75df785","10.48550/arxiv.2403.07680","50|od________18::791430ff4cc36debcfb6cdd717a06acc","oai:arXiv.org:2403.07680","50|dblp________::2b0e905c3f883bfb1c2c3d7305d0f05a","50|dblp________::68e2611f3a23d727b9bbc69383706c16"],"pids":[{"scheme":"doi","value":"10.1109/mnet.2025.3570161"},{"scheme":"doi","value":"10.48550/arxiv.2403.07680"},{"scheme":"arXiv","value":"2403.07680"}],"dateOfCollection":null,"lastUpdateTimeStamp":null,"indicators":{"citationImpact":{"citationCount":0.0,"influence":2.2251732E-9,"popularity":2.7165745E-9,"impulse":0.0,"citationClass":"C5","influenceClass":"C5","impulseClass":"C5","popularityClass":"C5"}},"projects":[{"id":"corda__h2020::27b8d43e002ece615a18d7a0f7b48368","code":"813999","acronym":"WINDMILL","title":"Integrating wireless communication engineering and machine learning","funder":"European Commission","pids":[{"scheme":"doi","value":"10.3030/813999"}]}],"organizations":[{"legalName":"Open University of Catalonia","acronym":"UOC","id":"openorgs____::c3bca7e0a967edb34dc6a23541a235a0","pids":[{"scheme":"mag_id","value":"138847295"},{"scheme":"OrgRef","value":"1266229"},{"scheme":"Wikidata","value":"Q3042433"},{"scheme":"ROR","value":"https://ror.org/01f5wp925"},{"scheme":"wikidata","value":"Q3042433"},{"scheme":"FundRef","value":"501100013774"},{"scheme":"ISNI","value":"0000000121716620"},{"scheme":"OrgReg","value":"ES0076"},{"scheme":"fundref","value":"501100013774"},{"scheme":"GRID","value":"grid.36083.3e"}]},{"legalName":"WorldSensing S.L.N.E.","acronym":"WoS","id":"pending_org_::811a320e691be09e943b6741a8bf706d","pids":[{"scheme":"PIC","value":"993322002"}]}],"communities":null,"collectedFrom":[{"key":"openaire____::9e3be59865b2c1c335d32dae2fe7b254","value":"Datacite"},{"key":"openaire____::081b82f96300b6a6e3d282bad31cb6e2","value":"Crossref"},{"key":"openaire____::d8b68cc0a53121f6f896883a7d60c1db","value":"DBLP"},{"key":"opendoar____::6f4922f45568161a8cdf4ad2299f6d23","value":"arXiv.org e-Print Archive"}],"instances":[{"pids":[{"scheme":"doi","value":"10.1109/mnet.2025.3570161"}],"license":"IEEE Copyright","accessRight":{"code":"c_14cb","label":"CLOSED","scheme":"http://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/documentation/access_rights/","openAccessRoute":null},"type":"Article","urls":["https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.2025.3570161"],"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","refereed":"peerReviewed","hostedBy":{"key":"issn___print::c24f523d37572754d29c7e564f7b8e12","value":"IEEE Network"},"collectedFrom":{"key":"openaire____::081b82f96300b6a6e3d282bad31cb6e2","value":"Crossref"}},{"pids":[{"scheme":"doi","value":"10.48550/arxiv.2403.07680"}],"license":"arXiv Non-Exclusive Distribution","type":"Article","urls":["https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2403.07680"],"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","refereed":"nonPeerReviewed","hostedBy":{"key":"openaire____::55045bd2a65019fd8e6741a755395c8c","value":"Unknown Repository"},"collectedFrom":{"key":"openaire____::9e3be59865b2c1c335d32dae2fe7b254","value":"Datacite"}},{"pids":[{"scheme":"arXiv","value":"2403.07680"}],"accessRight":{"code":"c_abf2","label":"OPEN","scheme":"http://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/documentation/access_rights/","openAccessRoute":null},"type":"Preprint","urls":["http://arxiv.org/abs/2403.07680"],"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","refereed":"nonPeerReviewed","hostedBy":{"key":"opendoar____::6f4922f45568161a8cdf4ad2299f6d23","value":"arXiv.org e-Print Archive"},"collectedFrom":{"key":"opendoar____::6f4922f45568161a8cdf4ad2299f6d23","value":"arXiv.org e-Print Archive"}},{"alternateIdentifiers":[{"scheme":"doi","value":"10.1109/mnet.2025.3570161"}],"type":"Article","urls":["https://doi.org/10.1109/MNET.2025.3570161"],"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","refereed":"nonPeerReviewed","hostedBy":{"key":"openaire____::d8b68cc0a53121f6f896883a7d60c1db","value":"DBLP"},"collectedFrom":{"key":"openaire____::d8b68cc0a53121f6f896883a7d60c1db","value":"DBLP"}},{"alternateIdentifiers":[{"scheme":"doi","value":"10.48550/arxiv.2403.07680"}],"type":"Preprint","urls":["https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2403.07680"],"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","refereed":"nonPeerReviewed","hostedBy":{"key":"openaire____::d8b68cc0a53121f6f896883a7d60c1db","value":"DBLP"},"collectedFrom":{"key":"openaire____::d8b68cc0a53121f6f896883a7d60c1db","value":"DBLP"}}],"links":[{"header":{"relationType":"resultProject","relationClass":"isProducedBy","relatedIdentifier":"corda__h2020::27b8d43e002ece615a18d7a0f7b48368","relatedRecordType":"project","relationProvenance":"iis","trust":"0.897"},"collectedfrom":[{"dsId":"openaire____::a55eb91348674d853191f4f4fd73d078","dsName":"CORDA - COmmon Research DAta Warehouse - Horizon 2020"}],"projectTitle":"Integrating wireless communication engineering and machine learning","code":"813999","funding":{"funder":{"id":"ec__________::EC","shortname":"EC","name":"European Commission","jurisdiction":{"code":"EU","label":"European Union"},"pid":null},"level0":{"id":"ec__________::EC::H2020","description":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","name":"H2020"},"level1":{"id":"ec__________::EC::H2020::MSCA-ITN-ETN","description":"European Training Networks","name":"MSCA-ITN-ETN"},"level2":{"id":null,"description":null,"name":null}},"startDate":"2019-01-01","endDate":"2023-06-30"}],"otherTitles":null,"inDiamondJournal":false,"green":true,"isGreen":true,"isInDiamondJournal":false}