{"authors":[{"id":null,"fullName":"Nisarg Soni","name":"Nisarg","surname":"Soni","rank":1,"pid":null},{"id":"orcid_______::964053b5d84f55ed16a4eb7e0abdbe0b","fullName":"Ana Maria Panaite","name":"Ana Maria","surname":"Panaite","rank":2,"pid":{"id":{"scheme":"orcid","value":"0009-0001-5022-7460"},"provenance":null}},{"id":null,"fullName":"Tuhin Samanta","name":"Tuhin","surname":"Samanta","rank":3,"pid":null},{"id":"orcid_______::dda7fac09991afa3c31000ea89ae6d11","fullName":"Giulia E. P. Nucci","name":"Giulia E. P.","surname":"Nucci","rank":4,"pid":{"id":{"scheme":"orcid","value":"0000-0001-8848-1168"},"provenance":null}},{"id":null,"fullName":"Emille M. 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This work focuses on the development of a unique approach for incorporating β-emitter yttrium-90 (90Y) radionuclides via a cation exchange method into lanthanide-based nanoparticles (NPs), consisting of NaLnF4 composition (Ln = Gd, Lu). The proposed method, thanks to the principle of cation exchange, is a straightforward protocol that involves just the mixing of water-stabilized NPs and radionuclides in aqueous environments at room temperature and, upon a short incubation time, enables the exchange of Gd or Lu ions with 90Y with high efficiency. The radiotherapeutic effect of cation-exchanged NaLnF4:90Y is here proven on glioblastoma cell lines with significant cytotoxicity, with the NaLnF4:90Y NPs, while no intrinsic cytotoxicity was seen for nonradiolabeled NPs at the same material dose. Moreover, in the case of NaGdF4 NPs, the gadolinium ions functioning as a T1 contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables to track the cation exchange protocol by MR signal enhancement during the ion incorporation: indeed, the Y3+ replacement with Gd enables the release of Gd3+, which enhances the water exposure of Gd ions and, in turn, the enhancement of the T1 MRI signal."],"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","embargoEndDate":null,"sources":["Crossref","ACS Appl Mater Interfaces"],"formats":null,"contributors":null,"coverages":null,"bestAccessRight":{"code":"c_abf2","label":"OPEN","scheme":"http://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/documentation/access_rights/"},"container":{"name":"ACS Applied Materials & 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