{"authors":[{"id":null,"fullName":"Mika Järvenpää","name":"Mika","surname":"Järvenpää","rank":1,"pid":{"id":{"scheme":"orcid_pending","value":"0009-0001-7708-9352"},"provenance":null}},{"id":null,"fullName":"Sami Siikanen","name":"Sami","surname":"Siikanen","rank":2,"pid":{"id":{"scheme":"orcid_pending","value":"0009-0008-3818-2766"},"provenance":null}},{"id":"orcid_______::e2db78a7cc09d3030d2f1bea550445fd","fullName":"Kamen Bogdanov","name":"Kamen","surname":"Bogdanov","rank":3,"pid":{"id":{"scheme":"orcid","value":"0000-0002-7720-9246"},"provenance":null}},{"id":"orcid_______::09b952e33bae6be83bcfe9e0bc4e0afe","fullName":"Marko Savolainen","name":"Marko","surname":"Savolainen","rank":4,"pid":{"id":{"scheme":"orcid","value":"0000-0002-4770-1053"},"provenance":null}},{"id":null,"fullName":"Marko Paavola","name":"Marko","surname":"Paavola","rank":5,"pid":{"id":{"scheme":"orcid_pending","value":"0000-0001-9510-650x"},"provenance":null}}],"openAccessColor":null,"publiclyFunded":false,"eoscIfGuidelines":null,"type":"publication","language":{"code":"eng","label":"English"},"countries":[{"code":"FI","label":"Finland","provenance":null}],"subjects":[{"subject":{"scheme":"keyword","value":"Mining industry"},"provenance":null},{"subject":{"scheme":"FOS","value":"0211 other engineering and technologies"},"provenance":null},{"subject":{"scheme":"FOS","value":"02 engineering and technology"},"provenance":null},{"subject":{"scheme":"keyword","value":"EARTH OBSERVING SYSTEMS"},"provenance":null},{"subject":{"scheme":"keyword","value":"Drone"},"provenance":null}],"mainTitle":"Automated drone networks for exploration targeting and other mining surveys","subTitle":null,"descriptions":["<jats:p>This paper discusses the use of automated drone networks in mining surveys, highlighting their benefits and applications, and the integration of technologies such as light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and hyperspectral imaging. Mining companies increasingly use high-resolution camera drones in mine development, monitoring and volume calculations. Drones improve worker safety by providing information about above-ground conditions and integrating LiDAR technology for better data generation. The challenges include the need for manual operation of drones, requiring significant experience and human effort, making automated drones a more efficient and safer alternative. Automated drones are valuable for surveying and mapping, infrastructure inspection, environmental monitoring, stockpile management, blast planning, mineral exploration, safety and emergency response. Automated drones enhance efficiency by performing regular, repetitive or hazardous operations, reducing human risk and improving data consistency and accuracy. Drone systems include remote control centres, on-site docking stations for charging and protection, and data transfer to servers for processing. Drone-based multispectral imaging helps in early detection of seepage and dusting events near tailings pond dams, providing crucial environmental data. Drone-borne hyperspectral imaging aids in identifying lithology, geological structures and hydrothermal zones, enhancing mineral exploration efficiency and safety.</jats:p>"],"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publisher":"Geological Society of London","embargoEndDate":null,"sources":["Crossref"],"formats":null,"contributors":null,"coverages":null,"bestAccessRight":{"code":"c_14cb","label":"CLOSED","scheme":"http://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/documentation/access_rights/"},"container":{"name":"Geological Society, London, Special 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