{"authors":[{"id":"orcid_______::30f535fd169422c22ec702a508163755","fullName":"Meysam Akbari","name":"Meysam","surname":"Akbari","rank":1,"pid":{"id":{"scheme":"orcid","value":"0000-0002-4251-1138"},"provenance":null}},{"id":"orcid_______::ceb29971d3c244e7db8a789dab036919","fullName":"Erika Covi","name":"Erika","surname":"Covi","rank":2,"pid":{"id":{"scheme":"orcid","value":"0000-0003-0479-6897"},"provenance":null}},{"id":null,"fullName":"Paolo Gibertini","name":"Paolo","surname":"Gibertini","rank":3,"pid":null}],"openAccessColor":"hybrid","publiclyFunded":false,"eoscIfGuidelines":null,"type":"publication","language":{"code":"und","label":"Undetermined"},"countries":null,"subjects":[{"subject":{"scheme":"FOS","value":"0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering"},"provenance":null},{"subject":{"scheme":"FOS","value":"02 engineering and technology"},"provenance":null}],"mainTitle":"Digital OTAs: Conventional Designs Versus Emerging Concept","subTitle":null,"descriptions":["<title>Abstract</title>                 <p>This brief presents two novel fully digital operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) architectures for low-voltage CMOS technologies. The first design is a fully differential OTA that replaces conventional inverter-based gain stages with Müller C-elements, exploiting their regenerative and state-retentive properties to enhance effective voltage gain without DC biasing or analog support circuitry. The second introduces an emerging concept in which a latch-based comparator is reinterpreted as a continuous-time OTA through controlled charge transfer to an output capacitor using predominantly standard digital cells. Both approaches eliminate traditional analog biasing while preserving rail-to-rail operation and zero static power in steady state. A comparative analysis highlights their operating principles and scalability for digitally intensive mixed-signal systems.</p>"],"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","embargoEndDate":null,"sources":["Crossref"],"formats":null,"contributors":null,"coverages":null,"bestAccessRight":{"code":"c_abf2","label":"OPEN","scheme":"http://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/documentation/access_rights/"},"container":null,"documentationUrls":null,"codeRepositoryUrl":null,"programmingLanguage":null,"contactPeople":null,"contactGroups":null,"tools":null,"size":null,"version":null,"geoLocations":null,"id":"doi_________::5fa47bef36d412efe92fe0d9c8274edc","originalIds":["10.21203/rs.3.rs-8909290/v1","50|doiboost____|5fa47bef36d412efe92fe0d9c8274edc"],"pids":[{"scheme":"doi","value":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8909290/v1"}],"dateOfCollection":null,"lastUpdateTimeStamp":null,"indicators":{"citationImpact":{"citationCount":0.0,"influence":2.2251732E-9,"popularity":2.7165745E-9,"impulse":0.0,"citationClass":"C5","influenceClass":"C5","impulseClass":"C5","popularityClass":"C5"}},"projects":[{"id":"corda_____he::e4f375ff82d75a91ae6a0e3a99bb6eea","code":"101042585","acronym":"MEMRINESS","title":"Memristive Neurons and Synapses for Neuromorphic Edge Computing","funder":"European Commission","pids":[{"scheme":"doi","value":"10.3030/101042585"}]}],"organizations":[{"legalName":"University of Groningen","acronym":"University of Groningen","id":"openorgs____::81371ea94b1a09d3243e73d6ec3527ec","pids":[{"scheme":"PIC","value":"999989782"},{"scheme":"GRID","value":"grid.4830.f"},{"scheme":"RRID","value":"RRID:nlx_149167"},{"scheme":"Wikidata","value":"Q850730"},{"scheme":"wikidata","value":"Q2303629"},{"scheme":"fundref","value":"501100001721"},{"scheme":"FundRef","value":"501100001721"},{"scheme":"wikidata","value":"Q850730"},{"scheme":"Wikidata","value":"Q2303629"},{"scheme":"fundref","value":"501100001903"},{"scheme":"FundRef","value":"501100001903"},{"scheme":"ISNI","value":"0000000404071981"},{"scheme":"ROR","value":"https://ror.org/012p63287"},{"scheme":"mag_id","value":"169381384"},{"scheme":"OrgReg","value":"NL0006"},{"scheme":"OrgRef","value":"255460"},{"scheme":"RRID","value":"RRID:SCR_011650"}]}],"communities":[{"code":"uarctic","label":"UArctic","provenance":null},{"code":"netherlands","label":"Netherlands Research Portal","provenance":null}],"collectedFrom":[{"key":"openaire____::081b82f96300b6a6e3d282bad31cb6e2","value":"Crossref"}],"instances":[{"pids":[{"scheme":"doi","value":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8909290/v1"}],"license":"CC BY","accessRight":{"code":"c_abf2","label":"OPEN","scheme":"http://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/documentation/access_rights/","openAccessRoute":"hybrid"},"type":"Article","urls":["https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8909290/v1"],"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","refereed":"peerReviewed","hostedBy":{"key":"openaire____::55045bd2a65019fd8e6741a755395c8c","value":"Unknown Repository"},"collectedFrom":{"key":"openaire____::081b82f96300b6a6e3d282bad31cb6e2","value":"Crossref"}}],"links":[{"header":{"relationType":"resultProject","relationClass":"isProducedBy","relatedIdentifier":"corda_____he::e4f375ff82d75a91ae6a0e3a99bb6eea","relatedRecordType":"project","relationProvenance":"sysimport:actionset","trust":"0.91"},"collectedfrom":[{"dsId":"openaire____::3f264f93cf3b0cfc4ede188a6300455c","dsName":"CORDA - COmmon Research DAta Warehouse - Horizon Europe"}],"projectTitle":"Memristive Neurons and Synapses for Neuromorphic Edge Computing","code":"101042585","funding":{"funder":{"id":"ec__________::EC","shortname":"EC","name":"European Commission","jurisdiction":{"code":"EU","label":"European Union"},"pid":null},"level0":{"id":"ec__________::EC::HE","description":"Horizon Europe Framework Programme","name":"HE"},"level1":{"id":"ec__________::EC::HE::HORIZON-AG","description":"HORIZON Action Grant Budget-Based","name":"HORIZON-AG"},"level2":{"id":null,"description":null,"name":null}},"startDate":"2022-05-01","endDate":"2027-04-30"}],"otherTitles":null,"inDiamondJournal":false,"green":false,"isGreen":false,"isInDiamondJournal":false}